London was the top European city by capital expenditure in the first half of 2018, attracting $8.3bn.

The Irish capital Dublin was second with $3.3bn, ahead of Marne-la-Vallée in France, which saw $2.5bn in capex.

In the Netherlands, Amsterdam enjoyed $1.9bn in capex in the first six months of the year, the same as Villach in Austria.

The chart was produced using fDi Markets, which gives real-time crossborder greenfield investment data on all sectors and locations. For more information visit fdimarkets.com.